Nutrition (also called nourishment or aliment) is the provision, to cells and organisms, of the materials necessary (in the form of food) to support life. Many common health problems can be prevented or alleviated with a healthy diet.
The diet of an organism is what it eats, and is largely determined by the perceived palatability of foods. Dietitians are health professionals who specialize in human nutrition, meal planning, economics, and preparation. They are trained to provide safe, evidence-based dietary advice and management to individuals (in health and disease), as well as to institutions.
A poor diet can have an injurious impact on health, causing deficiency diseases such as scurvy, beriberi, and kwashiorkor; health-threatening conditions like obesity and metabolic syndrome, and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis.
- A
A carbohydrate
acceptable daily intake (ADI)
acesulfame K
Acidulated water
additives (food additives)
Adverse Reaction Monitoring System (ARMS)
aerobic exercise
Agar-agar
Agony of the leaves
agrochemicals
Albumen
Al dente
algin
alitame
allergen (food allergen)
allergy (food allergy)
Allspice
Almonds
alpha
alternative agriculture
Alzheimer's disease
Amaranth
Amaretti
amino acids
anabolism
anaphylaxis
A natural
Anchovy
Anchovy essence
anemia
Angelica
Anhui
Annatto
Anorexia Nervosa
anthocyanidins
antibiotic resistance
antibiotics
antibody
Antibody
anticarcinogens
antigen
antioxidant
Antipasto
antisense
Aperitif
Arborio rice
Arbroath smokie
Argan oil
Aroma
Arrowroot
Artichoke
Asafoetida
ascorbic acid
aspartame
Aspartame is a low
Aspic
A spiral, staircase
Assam
asthma
Astringent
atherosclerosis
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Aubergine
Autumnal
Avian influenza
Avocado
- B
Baba ganoush
Bagna cauda
Bain-marie
Baked Alaska
Bakey
Baking powder
Baklava
Balsamic vinegar
Bara brith
Barbary duck
basal metabolism
Basil
Basmati rice
basophils
Basting
Baton
Batterie de cuisine
Bay boletes or boletus
Bay leaves
Beans
Béarnaise sauce
Béchamel sauce
Bergamot
beta
beta glucan
Beurre manié
bias
Billy
biodegradable
biological activity
biological controls
biopesticide
biotechnology
Bird's-eye chillies
Biscotti
Biscuity
Bisque
Blachan
Black bream
Black butter
Black pepper
Black tea
Blanch
Blanquette
Blend
Blind baking
blind (single or double) experiment
Blini
Bloom
Bluefin tuna
Body
body mass index (BMI)
Bok choi
Bold
Bolete, boletus
Bollito misto
Bolognese sauce
Bombay duck
Bonito
Borlotti beans
Borsch or borscht
Bouillabaisse
Bouquet garni
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)
Brassy
Brazil nut
Break
Brick tea
Bright
Brioche
Brisk
Brisket
Broad beans
Brochette
Broken
Brownie
Bruschetta
Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis)
Buckwheat
Bulimia Nervosa
Buttermilk
butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)
butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)
caffeic acid
caffeine
- C
Caffeine
calcium
calorie
Calvados
Calzone
Cambric tea
Canapés
Cannellini beans
Cape gooseberries
Capers
Capon
Capsicum
Carambola
Caramelise
carbohydrate
Cardamom
Cardoon
caries
Carob
Carpaccio
carrageenan
Cashew
catechins
Catechins
Caul fat
Caviar
Cavolo nero
Cayenne pepper
Celeriac
Celery seeds
Cellulose
Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Cep (also cèpe)
Ceviche
Ceylon
Cha
Chai
Chantilly cream
Charcuterie
Charlotte
Chest
Chestnut
Chesty
Chèvre
Chickpea
Chicory
Chiffonade
Chilli
Chinois
Chipotle
cholesterol (dietary)
cholesterol (different types)
cholesterol (serum, or blood)
Chorizo
Choux pastry
Chowder
chromosome
Chuck and blade
Chump
Chunmee
Chutney
Ciabatta
Cilantro
Cinnamon
Clarified butter
clinical trials
Clotted cream
Cloves
Cobnut
Coconut
Coconut milk and cream
Cod
collagen hydrolysate
Collar
Compote
Congou
conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)
Continuing Survey of Food Intake of Individuals (CSFII)
control group
controlled experiment
Coppery
Coriander
Cornbread
Cornflour
Corn syrup
correlation
Coulis
Court bouillon
Couscous
Crab apple
Cream of tartar
Crème anglaise
Crème brûlée
Crème fraîche
Crêpe
crop residues
Crostini
Croûtons
Crudités
crustacean
CTC
cultural controls
Cumberland sauce
Cumin
Curry
Curry powder
Custard
cyclamate
- D
Daikon
Dandelion
Dariole
Darjeeling
Date
Daube
Dauphinoise (à la)
Deglaze
Demerara sugar
Demi-glace sauce
dental caries
Descaling fish
dextrin
Dhool
diabetes
diallyl sulfide
Dietary Guidelines for Americans
digestion
Dim sum
DNA
Double cream
Dover sole
Dropping consistency
Dublin Bay prawn
Durian
Dust
Duxelles
- E
Each of the fat
Earl Grey
eating disorders
Eau de framboise
ecologist
Eggplant
Eggs
Egg wash
ellagic acid
Empanada
Emulsify
endocrine disruption
enriched foods
Entrecôte
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
epidemiology
epinephrine
Escabeche
Escalope
Espagnole (à la)
Essence or extract
Essential fatty acids (EFAs)
experimental group
- F
Falafel
Fannings
Farfalle
fat replacers
fats (dietary fats)
fatty acid
Fava beans
Fennel
Fenugreek
Fermentation
fertilizer
ferulic acid
Feta cheese
Fettuccine
fiber
Fibrous
Fillet
Filo pastry
Fines herbes
Firing
Fish sauce
Five-spice powder
Flaky pastry
Flan
Flat
flavanones
flavones
Fleur de sel
Florentine
Florets
Flour
Flowery
fluoride
Flush
Focaccia
Foie gras
folic acid
Fond
Fondant
Fondue
Fontina
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
foodborne disease
Food Guide Pyramid
food idiosyncrasy
food intolerance
food irradiation
food preservatives
Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA)
food safety
Formosa
fortified foods
Fragrant rice
Frangipane
Free radical
French dressing
Fricassée
Frittata
Fritter
Fritto misto
Fromage frais
fructo
fructose
fruit
Full
Fumet
functional component
functional foods
fungicide
Fusilli
galactose
- G
Galangal
gallbladder disease
Garam masala
Garlic
gastronomy
Gazpacho
Gelatine
gene
generalizability
Genmaicha
genome
Ghee
Ginger
Globe artichoke
glucose
glutamate
Gluten
glycemic index
glycemic load
glycerin
glycerol
glycogen
Gnocchi
Golden
Gong fu
Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)
Gorgonzola
grains
Grainy
Gram flour
Granadilla
Granita
GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe)
Gratin
Gravadlax or gravlax
Gravy
Grècque (à la)
Green
Gremolata
Griddle
Groundnut
Guacamole
guar gum
Guinea fowl
Gumbo
Gunpowder
Gyokuro
- H
Habanero chillies
HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points)
Haddock
Haggis
Hake
Halibut
Halva
Hard
Harissa
Harsh
Hazelnut
health claims
Heavy
Heavy cream
helix
Herbes de Provence
herbicides
Herring
high
high density lipoprotein (HDL)
Hoisin sauce
Hollandaise sauce
homeostasis
Honey
Horn of plenty
Horseradish
Hot water crust pastry
Human Genome Project
Hummus
Hunza apricots
hybridization of crops
hydrogenation
hyperactivity
hypertension
Hyson
Hyssop
- I
Ice cream
Iced Tea
Icing
Ile flottante
Imam bayildi
immune system
immunoglobulin E
incidence
Infuse
insecticide
insoluble fiber
integrated pest management (IPM)
intense sweeteners
Inulin
Irish coffee
isoflavones
- J
Jam
Jamaica ginger cake
Jamaican jerk seasoning
Jambalaya
Jambayala
Jasmine
Jelly
Jerusalem artichoke
John Dory
Julienne
Juniper berries
Juniper berries
Jus
- K
Kaffir lime leaves
Kahlùa
Kebab
Kedgeree
Keemun
Kernel
Ketchup
Ketjap manis
Ketjap Medja
Kidney
Kirsch
Kirsch
Kiwano
Kiwano
Kiwi
Knead
Kohlrabi
Koulibiac
Kumquat
Kumquat
- L
lactitol
lactobacillus
lactose
lactose intolerance
Ladies' fingers
Lager
Lamb
Langoustine
Lapsang souchong
Lard
Lard
Lardons
Lardons
Lasagne
Lassi
lecithin
Leek
Lemon
Lemon
Lemon balm
Lemon balm
Lemon curd
Lemongrass
Lemon grass
Lemon juice
Lemon sole
Lentils
Lettuces and salad leaves
Light
Lime
Lime
Lime leaves
Lingonberry
Linguine
Lobster
Loganberry
Loin
Lovage
Lumpfish roe
Lychee
Lychee
Lyonnaise (à la)
- M
Macadamia
Macadamia nuts
Macaroon
Macaroons
Mace
Mace
Macerate
Mackerel
Madeira
Madeira
Madeira cake
Madeleines
Maldon sea salt
Malibu
Malt loaf
Malty
Manchego
Mange tout
Mango
Mangosteen
Mangosteen
Maple syrup
Maple syrup
Marengo
Margarine
Margarine
Marinate
Marinière (à la)
Marjoram
Marlin
Marmalade
Marshmallow
Marzipan
Marzipan
Mascarpone
Mayonnaise
Mayonnaise
Meatballs
Megrim
Melba
Melon
Meringue
Meringue
Mesclun
Metallic
Meunière (à la)
Millefeuille
Mincemeat
Minestrone
Mint sauce
Mirepoix
Mirin
Miso
Molasses
Monk's beard
Monosodium glutamate (MSG)
Mooli
Morel
Mornay sauce
Mortadella
Most of the water
Moules marinière
Moussaka
Mousse
Mozzarella
Muddy
Mulligatawny
Mustard
- N
Nam pla
Nashi
Nashi pear
Nasturtium
Nasturtiums
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
Nationwide Food Consumption Survey (NFCS)
natural toxins
Navarin
Nectarine
nematodes
neotame
neural tube defect
Nibbed almonds
Nigella seeds
Nisperos
nitrite
nitrogen
nitrosamines
Noisettes
Non
Noodles
Noodles
Nori
Normande (à la)
Nose
Nougat
Nougat
Nutmeg
Nutmeg
nutraceuticals
nutrient density
- O
Oatbran
Oats
obesity, or overweight
Offal
Oil
Okra
Okra
oligofructose
Olive
Olive oil
Olives
omega
Onion
Oolong
Orange
Orange blossom water
Orange juice
Orange pekoe
Oregano
Oregano
organic
Orthodox
osteoporosis
outcomes research
Ouzo
oxidation
Oxtail
Oyster
Oyster mushrooms
Oyster sauce
Oyster sauce
- P
Paella
Pak choi
Pak choi
palatable
Pancake
Pancakes
Pancetta
Pancetta
Panettone
Pan-fired
Panna cotta
Papaya
Papaya
Papillote (en)
Pappads
Paprika
Paprika
Parboil
Parmesan
Parsley
Parsley
Parsnip
Partridge
Paskha
Passata
Passion fruit
Pasta
Pasta
Pasta sauces
Pastry
Pâté
Pâté
pathogens
Patty pan
Patty pan
Patty tin
Peach
Peanut
Peanut
Peanut butter
Pear
Pearl barley
Pecan
pectin
Pectin
Pekoe
Penne
Périgueux
Perry
pesticide
Pesto
Petit fours
phenylalanine
pheromones
phytate
phytochemical
Pilchard
Pine nut
Pink fir apple
Piri-piri
Pistachio
Pithaya
Pitta bread
placebo
Plaice
Plain
Plucking
Polenta
polydextrose
polyols
Polyphenols
Porcini
Portobello mushrooms
post harvest waxes
Poussin
Praline
Prawn
Preserved lemons
prevalence
Prickly pear
prion
proanthocyanidins
Profiterole
Prosciutto
prospective study
protein
Pu erh
Puff pastry
Pungent
Purée
Puy lentils
- Q
Quail
Quince
Quinoa
- R
Radicchio
Radish
Ragoût
Raised pie
Raisins
Rambutan
Rambutan
randomization, or random assignment
random sample
random sampling
rapid assays
Ras-el-hanout
Raspberries
Ratafia biscuits
Ratafia biscuits
Ratatouille
Ravioli
Raw
rBST (bovine somatotropin)
recombinant DNA (rDNA)
Redcurrant jelly
Redcurrants
Reduce
Reform sauce
Relax
reliability
rennet
Rennet
research design
residual confounding
retrospective study
Rhubarb
Rice
Rice flour
Rice krispies
Rice paper
Rice vinegar
Rice wine
Ricotta
Rigatoni
Rillettes
risk
risk factor
Risotto
Rissole
RNA
Rocket
Rock salt
Rogan josh
Rolling
Roquefort
Rosehips
Rosemary
Rosemary
Rosewater
Rose water
Rösti
Rösti
Rouille
Roux
Rum
Rump
Rye crackers
- S
saccharin
Saccharin, the oldest of the non
Saffron
Saffron
Sage
Sage
Sago
Saké
Salamander
Salami
salmonella
Salmonella is a Gram
Salsa
Salsa
Salsa verde
Salsify
Salt
Salt
Salt cod
Saltimbocca
Sambuca
Samosa
Samosa
Samphire
Sangria
Sapodilla
saponins
Sardine
Sashimi
Sassafras
Satay
Satsuma
saturated fat
Sausagemeat
Sausages (fresh)
Sausages (ready to eat)
Savory
Scallop
Scone
Scotch bonnet chillies
Scrag
Sea bream
Seafood sticks
Seaweed
see low
selective breeding
Self-drinking
self fixer
Semolina
Semolina
Sesame seeds
Shaoxing wine
Shellfish
Sherry
Shin
Shortbread
Shortbread
Shortcrust pastry
Shrimp paste
Shuck
Sichuan pepper
Silverside
Simnel cake
Sirloin
Slake
Smoky
Smoothie
Smorgasbord
Soba noodles
sodium nitrite
Soft
soluble fiber
Sorbet
Sorrel
Souchong
soy protein
Soy sauce
Spelt
spina bifida
Sprue asparagus
Squid
Stalk
stanol/sterol esters
staple crops
Star anise
starch
Starfruit
statistical power
statistical significance
stearate
Stock
Strudel
sucralose
sucrose
sugar
sugar alcohols
sulfites
sulphoraphane
Sweat
Sweet potato
Syllabub
synergistic effect
- T
Tabasco
Tabasco sauce
Tabbouleh
Tacos
Tagine
Tagliatelle
Tahini
Tamari
Tamarillo
Tamarillo
Tamarind
Tamarind
Tandoori
Tangerine
Tannin
Tapenade
Tapenade
Taramasalata
Taramosalata
Tarragon
Tarragon
Tarry
Tartare
Tartare sauce
Tarte tatin
Tat
Tea
Tequila
Teriyaki
Teriyaki sauce
Terrine
Thai basil and coconut sauce
Thai fish sauce
Thai stir-fry vegetables
Theaflavins
Theanine
Theine
thermal effect of food
Thread
Thyme
Thyme
Tia Maria
Ti kuan yin
Timbale
Tippy
Tiramisu
Tisane
Tisane
Tofu
Tofu
Tomato
Tomato products
Topside
Tortilla
toxicologist
toxicology
traditional crop breeding
trans fats
Tripe
Trompette de la mort
Truffle
tryptophan
Tuocha
Turbot
Turmeric
Twist
Two and a bud
Type 1 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes
- U
umami
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)
- V
validity
Vanilla
variable
Veal
Vegetable fat
vegetarian
Venison
Vermouth
Very
Vinaigrette
Vinegar
Vine leaves
virus
vitamins
Vodka
- W
Wafers
Walnut
Wasabi
water
Water chestnuts
Watercress
Whisky
White
Whitecurrants
whole grains
WIC
Wild mallard
Wine
Winey
Withering
Wontons
Wood pigeon
Woody
Worcestershire sauce
- X
xenobiotics
- Y
Yam
Yeast
Yellow bean sauce
Yixing
Yogurt
Yunnan
- Z
zeaxanthin
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